Framing

This does not mean putting your photo in a frame for hanging – pleasing though that is – but the way your subject or focal point is framed by another element in the image space. This can help add depth to a shot, particularly if the frame is out-of-focus (and, of course, when your subject is pin-sharp). The key is to pick a frame that is sympathetic to your subject and does not prove to be too distracting or incongruous. Shooting so that the frame is silhouetted is one way to achieve this, as is keeping it relatively small in the frame and pushed towards the edges. (Though if the frame is more dominant and the subject dwarfed will make a better shot, then that is what you should do. Rules really are there to be broken!)